Infographics

Visual insights of child health research

Explore our collection of research infographics covering physical activity, cardiovascular health, body composition, and metabolic health in children. Each infographic presents key findings from our longitudinal studies in an accessible visual format.

2025

February 1, 2025

Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity with incident and progressive tobacco smoking in 2503 children: A 13-year mediation and temporal longitudinal study

Sedentary Time Tobacco Study 2503 Children

2024

December 11, 2024

Incidental and Progressive Tobacco Smoking in Childhood and Subsequent Risk of Premature Cardiac Damage

Persistent tobacco smoking

November 13, 2024

Lean Mass Longitudinally Confounds Sedentary Time and Physical Activity With Blood Pressure Progression in 2513 Children

Breaking every hour of sedentary time

Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity from childhood through young adulthood with progressive cardiac changes: a 13-year longitudinal study.

Accelerometer-based sedentary time

Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity with MASLD and liver cirrhosis in 2684 British adolescents

Childhood sedentariness can cause severe fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis

Accelerometer-based sedentary time, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from childhood with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT progression: A 13-year longitudinal study of 1339 children

Childhood sedentariness accelerates premature vascular damage

The Interactive Effects of Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fat Mass on Insulin Resistance in the Young Population

Childhood sedentariness causes excessive insulin, raising the risk of type 2 diabetes

Waist-circumference-to-height-ratio had better longitudinal agreement with DEXA-measured fat mass than BMI in 7237 children

Waist-to-height ratio detects fat obesity in children and adolescents significantly better than BMI

January 4, 2024

DEXA-based Fat Mass with the Risk of Worsening Insulin Resistance in Adolescents: A 9-Year Temporal and Mediation Study

Increased body and abdominal fat caused insulin resistance already in teenagers, raising type 2 diabetes risk

2023

December 27, 2023

Increasing lipids with risk of worsening cardiac damage in 1595 adolescents: A 7-year longitudinal and mediation study

Elevated cholesterol in adolescence causes premature heart damage in a seven-year follow-up

December 14, 2023

Associations of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity from Childhood with Lipids: A 13-Year Mediation and Temporal Study

Childhood sedentariness causes elevated cholesterol but light physical activity may neutralize it

December 12, 2023

Effects of accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity on DEXA-measured fat mass in 6059 children

Light physical activity shows great promise in reversing childhood obesity caused by being sedentary

Arterial Stiffness but not Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression Precede Premature Structural and Functional Cardiac Damage in Youth: A 7-Year Temporal and Mediation Longitudinal Study

Arterial stiffness may cause and worsen heart damage among adolescents by increasing blood pressure and insulin resistance

Adolescents Cholesterol Passport: A Universal Pediatric Lipid Screening Tool to Combat Atherosclerosis - the World's Deadliest Scourge

Cholesterol passport for adolescents to halt the world’s deadliest disease – atherosclerosis

Longitudinal Mediating effect of Fatmass and Lipids on Sedentary Time, Light PA, and MVPA with Inflammation in Youth

Light physical activity from childhood is more effective than MVPA in reducing inflammation caused by being sedentary

Elevated Blood Pressure and Worsening Cardiac Damage During Adolescence

Blood pressure greater than 130/85 mmHg can cause heart damage in adolescents – the risk gets doubled in 7 years

Arterial stiffness preceding metabolic syndrome in 3,862 adolescents: a mediation and temporal causal longitudinal birth cohort study

Arterial stiffness may cause metabolic syndrome in adolescents via an increase in fasting insulin and LDL-cholesterol

Associations of accelerometer-based sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with resting cardiac structure and function in adolescents according to sex, fat mass, lean mass, BMI, and hypertensive status

Sedentary time may significantly enlarge adolescents’ heart

Longitudinal Left Ventricular Mass Indexing for DEXA-Measured Lean Mass and Fat Mass: Novel Normative Reference Centiles in Post-Pubertal Adolescents and Young Adults

Researchers suggest novel cutpoints for diagnosing cardiac hypertrophy in adolescents and young adults

Cumulative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT progression in 1779 adolescents: A 9-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study

Natural drop in insulin resistance in mid-adolescence protects against worsening arterial stiffness if sustained

Temporal longitudinal associations of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness with resting heart rate and inflammation in youth

Low-grade inflammation may cause arterial stiffness and preclinical atherosclerosis in otherwise healthy adolescents

January 1, 2023

Cumulative Dyslipidemia with Arterial Stiffness and Carotid IMT Progression in Asymptomatic Adolescents: A Simulated Intervention Longitudinal Study Using Temporal Inverse Allocation Model

Atherosclerosis may be stopped if lipid screening and dyslipidemia intervention begin in adolescence

2022

October 17, 2022

Effects of Arterial Stiffness and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression on the Risk of Overweight/Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure/Hypertension: a Cross-Lagged Cohort Study

Arterial stiffness in adolescence may potentially cause hypertension and obesity in young adulthood

October 14, 2022

Cumulative muscle mass and blood pressure but not fat mass drives arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness progression in the young population and is unrelated to vascular organ damage

Weight gain from childhood with optimal muscle-to-fat mass ratio may be a sign of excellent vascular health

January 18, 2022

Effect of Arterial Stiffness and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression on the Risk of Dysglycemia, Insulin Resistance, and Dyslipidemia: a Temporal Causal Longitudinal Study

Arterial stiffness in adolescence may potentially cause insulin resistance and low HDL-cholesterol in young adulthood